What is Mocap (motion capture)?

Motion capture(Mo-cap) is the way toward recording the movement of people or object. Its application is in the entertainment for games and film industries, healthcare, sport, military and among other fields. Mapping of the recorded data of motion capture is done onto the digital model in a 3D software, such as 3D Studio Max, Unreal Engine, Maya or Unity 3D, hence displaying the movements of the digital character just like the recorded actor.

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Conducting medical procedures depends on both psychomotor skill and cognitive training. Teasing apart these elements is a research activity for the department as well as the educational goal. One method of studying the actual execution of methodology is Motion Capture Analysis. The computer utilizes various cameras for capturing the three-dimension movement of specific points on a provider, the patient as well as the equipment (Schonauer, et.al., 2011, June).

Why is it being used in the medical industry?

According to the idea presented by Stone, et.al. (2007). Motion capture and sensing system give the patient and the healthcare providers with the patient's motion data and motion impairment data with utilization as the diagnostic, analytical and therapeutic device. Such kind of the strategy encompasses stages of (a) choosing at least one patient movements. (b) Utilizing a sensory and capture framework that image an initial set including at least one motion to offer an underlying series of movement information; and relaying such first series of the movement data to the healthcare provider and the patient.

Additionally, Edmison, (2004), states that, the current application widely relates to the image capturing motion, together with the analysis and the utilization thereof in the appraisal and treatment of patients who are appearing to be surfing from a particular disease or a given condition that leads to the motion impairment. The application of the motion capturing and sensing is required to assess and analyzes asymptomatic subjects or symptomatic patients, various ailments or conditions known for showing neurological impacts, or which have the effect or effects the motion of the patient, or some movement aspect. The typical examples are cerebral palsy, Lou Gehrig's Disease (ALS), and Parkinson's Disease. Still, different infections and conditions may show some impact on motion or action, for instance, Alzheimer's illness, Autism, and Schizophrenia. On the contrary, certain sicknesses, as well as conditions, may be identified then analyzed by their effects on the patient's physical activity or motion.

At times, an illness may influence a patient's movement level or scope of activities by keeping the patient from being active. For instance, chronic pain may force the patient not to take part in some certain physical activities that may increase the pain. One of the ailment that may negatively influence the patient's physical activities are such as the movements disorders like Parkinson's disease, tremor, epilepsy, spasticity, or multiple sclerosis, which may contribute towards irregular activity or movement, other neurological defects, or reduced activity level (Brunner, 2010).

How is it being used in the medical industry?

Motion picture devices are applied in the pharmaceutical industry through the system, method, and apparatus for capturing and analyzing the movement together with the neurological coordination info or equivalent levels of activity from the patient (Schonauer, et.al., 2011, June). Essences of the innovation additionally contain a framework, mechanical assembly, and strategy for capturing and examining the movement as well as the neurological management information such as the corresponding of the patient levels of activity contextualized with sensors, biomarkers together with the patient or a one data capture, exchange, storage or analysis.

The innovation framework has the technique for obtaining and assessing movement information related with a majority of subjects, including series of (1) Receiving; through a computer processor, the set of the imaging information related with one another of the range of issues. (2) Bringing about the display of a symbol representation of the majority of subjects; (3) Creating a display of a visual indicator in an area related to an anatomical, functional segment of the symbol representation. Whereby the visual gauge denoted at least the portion of the set of imaging data representing at least two subjects of the plurality of items, and wherein the location is determined based at least in part on the at least a portion of the set of imaging data (Brunner, 2010).

What are the benefits (pros) to using in the medical industry?

On the ergonomics, there are some advantages and disadvantages of using the motion capture as the research tool used in the motion detection.

Motion capture actually captures and presents information essential in the scientific and trustworthy data appraisal, that assist in comparisons of the movement between the participants who are younger and older. This reasonable reinforces research findings and advances opportunity for, product creation with regards to how to overawed challenges in the performance task for the elderly individual (Demirel, & Duffy, (2009, July).

Motion capture offers real-time data collection in an accurate and efficient manner since it gives a specific quantitative data that correspond with the often-used quantitative technique for user interview and observation.

Additionally, because of the accurateness of the information collected and presented, it facilitates scientific and consistent data analysis that aided recognize how patients who are elderly, about younger ones, can accomplish the task whereas applying the use of the PC (Brunner, 2010). Thus, it facilitates the researcher with an understanding of how age is viewed as an aspect that contributes and affects the task performance.

Lastly, the health journal by Bertrand, et.al., (2010, September). the motion capture can give exact multiple and digital perspectives regarding the participants' locomotive movement as seen on the computer, hence permitting the researcher with the ability to study it in profundity with the absence of the member. It further has the feature of replaying the motion movement to comprehend the movement regardless of how much the researcher needs to collect the required information and correctly understand it.

What are the drawbacks (cons) to using in the medical industry?

Contrary on the other hand, regardless of the accuracy of the captured motion in the capturing of the real-time information, the advantage is neither adequate when the bearing in mind the motion capture as a reliable research tool used for the research process. The experiment's controlled environment alongside the equipment that is not explicit and unstated by the participants may influence the confidant of the subject while conducting the tasks.

Developing logic outcome from the scientifically captured data is the greatest challenge of utilizing the motion capture as the research tool. Usually, the motion capture for 3D visualization production in animated form differs from applying it as a research tool. The essence of using it as the tool for research. The aim of utilizing it as a tool for studies in this in this aspect is for assisting identifying potential opportunities through precise identification the physical weakness and the elderly mobility. However, until today, there is no particular available computer program to creating information that is helpful to the user for the product motivation and design (Kitagawa & Windsor, 2012).

Chen, et.al., (2011 states that. Mo-Cap needs specific hardware together with special software programs for them to process the required data. However, some of these requirements may neither be accessible due to some circumstances hence making the system less adaptable. Also, Motion capture devices are expensive, and the cost of buying the software, equipment as well as personnel needed can restrict the application of this system the large productions only. It also sometimes to get the space necessary for the operation of the system, since that space required depends upon the field of the camera view or the magnetic distortion. However, it is not capable of capturing the movement that does not respect the physics laws (Pageler, 2014).

How does it work?

The motion capture technologies are made up of verities of the systems. These systems are distinguished by "real time" and "non-real time." In "real time" capture technique, there is no post processing needed while in the "non-real time" capture system, post processing is of an essence in analyzing and processing the data. Though the major reliable types are the optical and the non-optical system. The two have their advantages and disadvantages; however, the optical mode is the technique is the preferred system due to its high level of accuracy as well as the freedom of movement (Schonauer, et.al., 2011, June).

Optical system: the systems rely on the makers that are attached to the body of the patient. The makers could be anything between the light emitting, colored balls, or directional reflective. The system needs some cameras (at least 3 and up to 16) that are utilized to go along and establish the 3D position of the markers within a particular area, known as the Mo-cap stage. The high number of cameras included, the more the makers' number will be tracked at the same time; thus, more accurate data will be captured and produced.

Furthermore, Pouke, & Hakkila, (2013) asserts that the optical system can be distinguished with regards to the kind of markers applied. As for the passive markers, they are ball coated with either a vibrant color or with a material that reflects the light produced adjacent to the camera. The active markers are made up of the single or multiple LEDs that produce their light.

The non-optical systems are the non-markers devices. For instance, the mechanical Motion Capture system entails an exoskeletal suit, which is attached to the patient and every joint there is a sensor, which gathers information regarding every movement made, whereby it will be relayed to the computer where real-time processing will occur. Despite the inexpensiveness of the mechanical system, with the comparison to the optical system, its suit is limited since it only records pivotal movements (Demirel, & Duffy, (2009, July).

Furthermore, literature Takacs, (2006). The second structure is the magnetic system. This structure operates with six or more sensors that are mounted on the body to assess the low-frequency magnetic field that is produced by the transmitting source. The control unit links the sensors together with the magnetic sources that compute the sensors' location that is on the field. Its inexactness in the collection of data due to the magnetic obstruction is one of the key challenges. Furthermore, the information recorded passes through the cables that rise the bulk and weight of the sensors, therefore making it hard to use (Pouke, & Hakkila, (2013).

Lastly, the third commonly used non-optical system is the gyro system. According to the system, the inertial gyroscope connects to the body of the person to record the rotation movement of the body parts. Data is then transmitted by the radio to receive unit to be processed in real-time then mapped to a CG object. This system is comfortable and adaptable; it does not require the Mo-cap platform since it can be applied on location (Chatzitofis, et.al., (2015).

Nowadays, the technological evolution together with the increased computer power and speed have contributed towards the significant role played by the motion capture systems through its essence...