Paper Example on Chemical Attacks

The threat of chemical attacks is even more possible in the 21stt century than ever before with increase in terrorist activities that are intended to cause mass casualties. One of the ways that they may do this is exploiting vulnerabilities that do not have effective countermeasures. The custom boom and mass shootings have seen the development of measures to countermeasures such as weapon detection measures. However such measures are yet to be devised to handle cases of chemical and biological attacks ("Biological and Chemical Terrorism:StrategicPlanfor Preparedness and Response," 2017).

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Attacks such as biological, radiological, nuclear or chemical challenges have a high probability of succeeding since they are concealed as natural disasters. While attacker consistently changes their concealment strategies to perform such acts of terror, their innovativeness is unmatched by the policies and practices laid to counter such acts of terror. The perception that measures put in place are not effective in curbing such measures are therefore valid (Evolving Terrorist Threatening-term Trends and Drivers and Their Implications for Emergency Management, 2011).

While the government bears the responsibility to protect its citizens. It is a unanimous perception that the measures that have been put in place are backward given the tourists rates of evolution to new ways of executing attacks. While the government bears this responsibility, participation by individuals in the society to ensure curb or mitigate the possibility of such attacks makes it possible to neutralize such threats. Social responsibility is primal in the society to handover people with malicious intentions to the authorities.

Citizens are the people on the ground. Thus they are more likely to note unique behaviors or new people. They, therefore, can report this to the police to immediately mitigate the possibility of attacks such as chemical attacks. It will necessitate the collaboration of the local police forces with the members of the local community. This can be done by the formulation of community programs to make it an individual responsibility to avoid the occurrence of such terrorist attack threats.

To enhance the preparedness of chemical attacks the government needs to create global interconnections. Building alliances with other nations will create a platform where the countries can build a network to monitor malicious activities that could result in such massive attacks. Policies that given diplomatic relations have to be amended to ensure there is full disclosure between member countries in the network.

Additionally, member countries may come with strategies to counter the impacts of such attack should they happen. Currently, in case a chemical attack is executed, and the police are aware, the police can only keep people from getting to the poisoned area until the FBI arrives. While this may be effective in the management of the impact of the attack, this is a measure not effective in the management of the first casualties. It does not give way forward in case of a mass attack. Formulation of such policies and organizational bodies is meant to keep the concealing measures of the terrorist groups in check (Evolving Terrorist Threatening-term Trends and Drivers and Their Implications for Emergency Management, 2011)

Technological innovations present alternative ways to detect chemical and biological attacks. Utilization of technology development such as the internet of things (ITO) presents the government with plausible prevention and mitigation strategies. The application of ITO application in the structure of pipelines and ventilation systems of a building control the measures of ph, temperatures, and other atmospheric conditions making it easy to detect chemical attacks. They are therefore required to enact such policy changes for the inclusion of such systems in the development of residential areas.

Development of intelligent software systems to filter communications is also a necessary investment to lower the possibility of execution of chemical attacks. Intelligent systems help in identifying threads that may give insights to planned terrorist attacks. It will attract changes in the formulation of policy as well as the development the mentioned systems. Policy formulation will include the inclusion of acts necessitating the inclusion of IOT in the residential building and industrial plants (Pangi, 2002). It will also require collaboration with other countries who are interested in the cause to prevent chemical attacks

There is just cause to believe that the entire practice of ethics is a function of individual responsibility and liability. It, however, presents a limited perception of the scope of ethics as a discipline and as a practice. More than anything the question of ethics is one of management (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017). Chemical attacks have the capacity to wipe out all life completely. Looking at the tradeoffs between, ethics, diversity and cultural competency, therefore,makes for an in-depth analysis of the value of ethical policies in the handling of chemical attacks. Some of the competencies that governments and disaster management agencies can implement include; effective communication styles and endorse collaborative communication techniques in the management and sensitization of the public on chemical attacks (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017).

One of the approaches that governments can take in scientific research is the ethical armourment of countries. The end of the first two world wars saw the formation of an inter-governmental organization that aimed to manage the breadth and effect of amourment. All member of the United Nations set reforms to reduce the number of weapons, specifically those of mass destruction (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017). The ethical management of how war is approached can make for a fundamental understanding of some of the weapons that are in development. Chemical attacks often come into play as subtle but irreproachably lethal weapons. The ethical standing of any government on research and development of chemical weapons should seek to limit the possibility of the production of chemical weapons (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017).

Diversity is an attribute of the human race. The social and political contexts among a wide range of factors often make for an influential determinant of the temperament that a society may keep. Cultural competence is a function of service to a wide population. Taking the Unites States of America as an example, the value of cultural competence in handling social welfare, crime among other challenges facing society is irreproachable (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017). The production of chemical weapons is an expensive and very bureaucratic process. More often than not, the proponents of the use of chemical weapons in warfare take part in the development process, while being alienated to society. The awareness about the social impact of the use of such weapons (Chulov & Shaheen, 2017).

To address some of these competing and conflicting issues. One of the most plausible approaches towards the mitigation of the social impact of the development and use of chemical weapons is the advancement of effective communication practices and a collaborative communication approach towards the mitigation of its effects. Some of the techniques that can make for the reduction of risk and timely response to disasters such as chemical attacks is the use of open communication systems (Barthell et al., 2002).

By allowing information on the occurrence and impact of such weapons, governments and disaster management agencies can mitigate the losses and risks that present themselves about chemical attacks. Other measures include syndromic surveillance for biological terrorism. In any case, the entire process should be an initiative of every government to ensure that collaborative efforts manifest themselves throughout the process (Barthell et al., 2002).

References

Barthell, E., Cordell, W., Moorhead, J., Handler, J., Feied, C., & Smith, M. et al. (2002). The Frontlines of Medicine Project: A proposal for the standardized communication of emergency department data for public health uses including syndromic surveillance for biological and chemical terrorism. Annals Of Emergency Medicine, 39(4), 422-429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mem.2002.123127

Biological and Chemical Terrorism:Strategic Planfor Preparedness and Response. (2017). Cdc.gov. Retrieved 24 February 2017, from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4904a1.htm

Chulov, M. & Shaheen, K. (2017). International concern over claims of chemical weapon attack in Syria. the Guardian. Retrieved 24 February 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/13/international-concern-over-claims-of-chemical-weapon-attack-in-syria

Evolving Terrorist Threatening-term Trends and Drivers and Their Implications for Emergency Management. (2011) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/pdf/about/programs/oppa/evolving_terrorist_threat.pdf

Pangi, R. (2002). Consequence Management in the 1995 Sarin Attacks on the Japanese Subway System (1st ed.). Boston: Harvard University. Retrieved from http://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/legacy/files/consequence_management_in_the_1995_sarin_attacks_on_the_japanese_subway_system.pdf