Medical Essay on Efficacy and Safety of Trifluridine in the Treatment of Refractory Colorectal Cancer

The patient is a 63 year old AAF female who was diagnosed with PMH of metastatic refractory colorectal cancer. She was admitted to the hospital after complaining of severe stomach pain. She also complained that she had been vomiting for two days. There is a high efficacy and safety of trifluridine in the treatment of refractory colorectal cancer considering the fact that colorectal cancer continues as a major health issue in the United States of America and other parts of the world. It is known that TAS-102 which is an oral agent combining trifluridine hydrochloride is effective when it comes to cancer treatment. When trifluridine is used, the overall survival of the median improved from 5.3 months having a placebo of up to 7.1 months (Lisa, 2016). Thus, the trifluridine can address varied types of cancer which include leukemia, colon cancer, throat cancer and other types of cancer. Furthermore, the trifluridine is effective as it leads to the significant improvement in the overall survival of the patient.

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Colorectal cancer is known to be the third most common malignancy in both women and men in the United States of America and other parts of the world. The most common cancer-causing death globally is bronchus cancer, breast cancer and also the lung cancer. For instance, the American Cancer Society has reported that about 130,000 new colorectal cancer develops every year. Also, the report also shows that 49,000 patients die as a result of the disease (Lisa, 2016). The fluoropyrimidine-based therapies have been utilized as the backbone for the treatment of colorectal cancer for many years. It, in turn, has resulted in the reduced mortality rate. However, it has been reported that the tumor cells may become resistant to the fluoropyrimidine-mediated damage making it difficult to address the problem of colorectal cancer completely.

A literature search revealed that due to high financial and personal costs, colorectal cancer is still becoming the huge contributor to death in the United States of America. However, with the improvement in the treatment and screening, colorectal cancer has favorably impacted patients outcome (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2016). For example, through the combination of trifluridine and chemotherapy, the death rates associated with cancer has significantly decreased. Furthermore, research shows that colorectal cancer is curable if it is detected early. On the other hand, the radiation, surgery, chemotherapy and target therapies are compelling alternatives for treating the patients who are suffering from colorectal cancer. The trifluridine is effective in treating the patients with colorectal refractory cancer. Research shows that the recommended dose of trifluridine and tipiracil equals 35mg/m2 which can be rounded up to 5-mg increment (Drugdex, 2015).

Conclusively, the trifluridine is useful in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Patients who are provided with oral trifluridine with best supportive care demonstrate overall progression-free survival (Troy et.al, 2016). The clinical benefit associated with trifluridine include health improvement and refractory regimen. By administering the trifluridine by patients who are at the early development of colorectal cancer, there are high chances of survival. Furthermore, research also shows that there are a high efficacy and safety of the trifluridine plus tipiracil, especially in the metastatic colorectal cancer (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2016).

It is recommended that patients with colorectal cancer be given trifluridine that contains two dosage strengths which are 15mg/6.14mg and 20mg/8.19mg. This rounds up to 35 mg/m2. The dose should be orally taken twice per day for 28 days. Furthermore, the trifluridine should be administered in the morning and evening after meals. Also, patients should undergo blood count tests every after 15 days to determine the efficacy and capability of the administered dose (Robert et.al, 2015). What is more, the patients on trifluridine should strictly follow the disposal and handling procedure because it is a cytotoxic drug.

References

Drugdex (2015). Trifluridine/Tipiracil. Dosing/Administration

Lisa, A. Raedler (2016). Lon surf (Trifluridine plus Tipiracil):A New Oral Treatment Approved for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016).Colon Cancer. Clinical Guideline on Oncology (NCCN Guidelines).

Robert J. Mayer et.al, (2015). Randomized Trial of TAS-102 for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Troy, Kish, PharmD, BCPS; and Priyasha Uppal, PharmD (2016).Trifl uridine/Tipiracil (Lonsurf) for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

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