Research Essay on Young Blacks and Criminal Justice in UK

Abstract

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The statistical review of the rate of offense among the young Blacks in the United Kingdom is one of the areas of national concern. The recent reports indicate that the young Blacks are known for criminal justice. This paper is a research proposal seeking to investigate the reasons why the young Blacks in the United Kingdom are known for criminal justice. The research proposition outlines the composition of the proposed study by highlighting the background of the survey and the justification of the question associated with the selected theme of the research. In this regard, the paper also gives and overview of the literature by pointing out the scholarly work that informs the topic of the proposed study. The proposal also covers the research questions and the related objectives. Moreover, the validity and reliability elements, as well as the ethical considerations associated with this research, have also been included in this paper. Finally, the paper highlights the possible limitations that might characterize the study process and the importance of carrying out such as a study in line with the current literature.

Introduction

The criminal justice system in a country is one of the essential tools of governance and strategic management of a states affairs. A system meant to control and manage the rate of offense in a country should also assist in setting a transformational atmosphere for sustainability purposes. Nevertheless, the aspect of equality and fairness in a multiethnic society may exert pressure on the system such based on historical and cultural dimensions. In this case, skewed representation might characterize the criminal justice affairs. In countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom as well as Australia where the society is grouped into several race compositions, the cases associated with a crime can be tallied according to the racial representation. The results of such statistics may depict a particular trend according to the orientations in the society. In many cases, the Blacks have been associated with a higher representation of criminal justice when compared with the percentage population composition. However, when age is factored in the statistics as a variable, there is a clear picture relating the young Blacks and criminal justice as compared to the Whites. A critical analysis of the contributing factors associated with such shifts in developing countries is essential as the baseline for a strategic approach to this matter. Therefore, in this paper, a clear outline of the intended study seeking to unravel the circumstances and elements associated with young Blacks and criminal justice in the United Kingdom has been discussed. It is expected that through this advanced research it will be clear why such tendencies exist in the country.

Overview of the Research Proposal

Background of the Study

A country with various race compositions within the entire population is associated with several society-based disparities. One of the critical elements associated with such a scenario is the aspect of criminal justice. In this case, the rate of offense can be measured based on the number of people involved in different criminal activities based on age, gender, and race. Several intervention mechanisms in developed countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States have relied on race-based data to inform the policy formulation, strategic planning, and implementing interventions within the particular social setup. However, for such applications, there is a need for a succinct understanding of the elements that characterize the specified factor. The issue of young people being known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom is one of the critical areas that have raised concern in the central government as well as the local authorities. However, there is an apparent disparity between the number of the young Blacks and Whites associated with juvenile delinquency. Developed states such as the U.S. have also been related to such a case, which calls for a critical assessment of the contributing factors, mitigation measures, and possible sustainable approaches for long-term solutions.

Research JustificationThe data from the government sources indicate that there is a clear indicator of the skewed representation of the young people in criminal justice based on the race factor, particularly between the Blacks and Whites. According to the Home Office report, over 2% of the young people were in custody in the year 2010. The number has been changing over the years with the number of offenses committed in the same year being about 176,511 (Home Office, 2015). Male offenders have been noted to exceed the female associated with criminal justice where over 90% of those in custody were males. The number of young people in the United Kingdom related to offenses has been decreasing between 2010 and 2013. However, the number of Blacks associated with different offenses has remained constant in relation percentage representation based on race. By 2015, the number of first-time offenders decreased to 65% from 67% in 2010 where a greater percentage was relating to the Blacks. The same scenario was witnessed with second-time offenders. Furthermore, over 41% of those arrested during Stop and Search were Blacks (Youth Justice Board, 2015). Based on such tendencies, it is necessary to investigate the reasons that contribute to the nature of trends associating Blacks with criminal justice.

Research Objectives

The proposed study will investigate the reasons why the young Blacks are known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom. The research paper is based on the recent affirmation from the Home Office and other governmental reports that have depicted the existence of a notable trend where more Blacks at between 14 and 17 years of age have been associated with different offenses. The study is based on the limited literature regarding this notion in the United Kingdom. There is a need for a clear assessment of the statistics as well as the theoretical approach to this mater to ensure that the contributing factors, as well as the measures undertaken to curb the tendencies, are apparent. Such achievement will assist in decision processes and strategic planning within the criminal justice system in the country. Therefore, the key objectives associated with this proposed study are as follows.

To determine the statistical data and analysis relating to young Blacks and criminal justice in the United Kingdom

To highlight the contributing factors relating to young Blacks becoming known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom

To assess the implications as well as mitigation measures associated with young Blacks becoming known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom

To establish recommendations necessary for effective management of the perspective and tendency associated with young Blacks being known for criminal justice

Research Questions

Based on the objectives of the study, it is essential to design the proposed research questions to ensure that the survey process remains within the scope and schedule. The research will be founded on four research questions, which will inform the review process. Each proposed question seeks to investigate particular dimension associated with the proposed research topic. The following research questions will define the elements and perspectives that will be included and assessed while carrying out the research.

What statistical data and analysis relate to young Blacks and criminal justice in the United Kingdom?

What contributing factors related to young Blacks becoming known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom?

What notable implications as well as mitigation measures have been associated with young Blacks becoming known for criminal justice in the United Kingdom?

What recommendations are necessary for effective management of the perspective and tendency associated with young Blacks being known for criminal justice?

Review of the Literature

One of the critical areas in social work has been the evaluation of criminal justice affairs in a particular setup within the society. In most cases, the researchers have been forced to incorporate the use of external information and data to ascertain the existence of evidence to support the topic under investigation. In this regard, theoretical approach, as well as the use of systematic literature review, has been essential in enabling an extensive evaluation of the research topics to assist in enhancing the level of research validity and reliability. Wendy De Bondt (2015) carried out a comparative analysis of several social work studies involving criminal justice and noted that most of the researchers included external resources to inform the topic of the survey. Therefore, based on the assessment, the question of reliability of the findings of such studies was critical. De Bondt (2015) investigated the implication of methodologies employed to ascertain the weaknesses and strength of each approach that were used during the examined research. The study found out that the problem associated with Single Point of Contact (SPOC) method could be improved when external resources with a high level of validity, reliability, and swiftness are used during the study.

In 1993, Bouza Antony published a book on how to stop crime in which the concepts of juvenile delinquency in the United States and the United Kingdom have been extensively discussed. The book highlights several elements associated with young offenders and the criminal justice system in the respective countries. Based on the evaluations of the dimensions related to juvenile delinquents, the book outlines how young Black offenders have the tendency of repeated representation as compared to Whites. In this case, Bouza (1993) clearly depicted how the notion of criminal justice in a multiracial state could have an implication on the social orientations whenever the social-based judicial systems do not represent equality and fairness. The book looks at juvenile delinquency as a current critical area for national and local government to consider. A multidimensional approach to the problem associated with the criminal justice system in the two countries, as outlined in the book, shows the need for an excellent evaluation of the associated statistics as well as strategic planning of the mitigation measures. Other factors such as the implication of juvenile violence, political influence, and psychological perspective of young Black offenses have also been extensively discussed in the book.

Farrington (1996) examined several quantitative types of research carried out in the United Kingdom investigating the criminology affairs in the coun...