General Psychology on Brain and Behaviour

The brain is an intricate, adaptable, and versatile system that controls the conduct of organisms and their mental processes. Many psychologists and experts argue that behaviour is influenced by the interaction of the living specimens biological inheritance and their interaction with the environment. The nervous system comprises of the spinal cord and a persons brain. The brain's outermost part, the cerebral cortex, is liable for the functioning of emotions, sensation, cognition and movement (Cornwell, 2006). The brain comprises of neurons; that are necessary building blocks of life that receive and transmit communication from one part of the brain and body to another. The nervous system comprises two main components: the peripheral and central nervous system. According to Cornwell (2006), the peripheral nervous system is charged with the responsibility to connect the human brain with the spinal cord that also connects to other body parts. It divides into two: the somatic nervous system, which comprises of sensory and motor nerves, and autonomic nervous system. The autonomic system monitors the bodys internal organs. It is important to know and understand how the brain influences and impacts on behaviour.

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Neurons and glial cells are the two types of nerve cells found in human bodies. Glial cells are in charge of nourishing and supporting the neurons while the primary task of neurons is communication. In the form of electric waves known as action potential, neurons communicate and send information to different parts of the body. A cell membrane found in the neuron allows particular substances to enter the cell while allowing other materials to exit the cell guided by the all-or-none principle (Weinschenk, 2016). Every axon subdivides into several fibres that store substances known as neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitter is released into the synapse carrying the message and then later to the receiving dendrite immediately when the electrochemical waves arrive at the axon. Neural communication is the basis of humans psychology. For instance, touching a hot object, this leads to the awakening of some neurons as it encourages the neurons to communicate throughout the nervous system. It is the neurons that will control the persons movement as they remove their hand from the hot object. The whole ordeal will leave an experience in the individuals brain, and the neurons will communicate again in future when the person finds themselves in a similar situation.

In some criminal trials, lawyers use something known as insanity defence to defend their clients. Insanity defence argues that a person was not responsible for their wrongful actions due to their mental standing at the time (Raine, 2008). The negative actions are attributed to a stressful or depressing situation, mental health problem, or a negative environmental influence (Raine, 2008). It is important for people to protect and guide their minds by what they allow themselves to see or hear. As the Bible states in Isaiah 26:3, You will keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on You, because he trusts in You. Philippians 4:8 states, Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is honourable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things. Humans need to protect their minds to avoid unnecessary and harmful behaviour by cultivating active and good thoughts in their minds.

Reference

Cornwell, J. (2006). Brain and behaviour. Brain, 129(5), 1339-1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awl091Raine, A. (2008). From Genes to Brain to Behavior. Psychological Science, 17(5), 323-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00599.xSiegel, D. (2016). Dan Siegel: The Neurological Basis of Behavior, the Mind, the Brain and Human Relationships. YouTube. Retrieved 13 January 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B7kBgaZLHaAWeinschenk, S. (2016). The True Cost Of Multi-Tasking. Psychology Today. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/brain-wise/201209/the-true-cost-multi-tasking